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338 terms used in insurance restoration, explained for practitioners.
#15 felt paper is a traditional asphalt-saturated organic or fiberglass roofing underlayment that weighs approximately 15 pounds per square (100 sq ft), used as a secondary moisture barrier beneath shingles.
#30 felt paper is a heavier-grade asphalt-saturated roofing underlayment weighing approximately 30 pounds per square (100 sq ft), providing more durable moisture protection than #15 felt.
A flat, single-layer asphalt shingle with cutouts that create three uniform tabs. Less expensive than architectural shingles but with a shorter lifespan.
A code within Xactimate that identifies what type of work is being performed - remove, replace, repair, clean, etc. Combined with the item code to create the full line item.
Actual Cash Value (ACV) is the current real-world value of damaged property, calculated by subtracting depreciation from the Replacement Cost Value (RCV). ACV determines the first check the homeowner receives on an insurance claim.
A person or entity added to a contractor's insurance policy to extend coverage. Property owners and general contractors often require this before allowing work to begin.
Additional Living Expenses (ALE) is the insurance coverage that pays the difference between a policyholder's normal living costs and the inflated costs of living elsewhere while their home is uninhabitable during covered repairs.
A formal request to the insurance carrier for reimbursement of costs incurred while displaced from the home during covered repairs. Requires documentation of expenses and proof they exceed normal living costs.
An adjuster is a licensed professional who inspects property damage and writes or reviews estimates for an insurance claim. Adjusters are classified into three types: staff adjusters (carrier employees), independent adjusters (contracted during catastrophe events), and public adjusters (representing the policyholder).
The state-issued credential required for individuals to work as insurance adjusters, with requirements varying by state and adjuster type. Most states require written examinations, continuing education, and periodic renewal.
The maximum total amount an insurance policy will pay for all claims during a policy period, typically one year.
The government entity responsible for enforcing building codes and issuing permits in a specific area. Typically the city or county building department.
A high-velocity fan used in water damage restoration to promote evaporation from wet materials. Typically placed at a 45-degree angle against wet surfaces.
The collection and analysis of airborne particles to detect mold spores, asbestos, or other contaminants. Used in mold assessment and clearance testing.
A portable HEPA-filtered air cleaning device used during restoration and remediation to remove airborne contaminants including mold spores, dust, and particulate matter from the work environment. Can also be configured for negative air operation.
A homeowner's insurance policy that covers all causes of loss except those specifically listed as exclusions. Also called an open-perils or special form policy. Broader coverage than a named-peril policy.
An insurance policy that covers all causes of loss except those specifically excluded. Also called open peril or special form. Broader coverage than named peril policies.
Aluminum coil stock is flat-rolled aluminum sheet material used by roofers and siding installers to fabricate custom flashing, trim, and accessories on site by cutting and bending to the required profile.
A policy clause that excludes coverage when a covered peril (like wind) and an excluded peril (like flood) combine to cause damage. If both causes contribute, the entire loss is denied under this clause.
The application of chemical agents to building materials during water damage restoration to prevent mold growth. Applied after cleaning and before drying is complete.
An appraisal clause is a provision in most property insurance policies that allows either the policyholder or the carrier to invoke a formal, binding appraisal process when they disagree on the value of a covered loss.
A formal request to invoke the appraisal clause in an insurance policy when the policyholder and carrier disagree on the value of a loss. Each side selects an appraiser, and a neutral umpire breaks ties.
The formal dispute resolution procedure outlined in most property insurance policies where each party appoints an appraiser and, if they cannot agree, a neutral umpire decides the claim value. Binding in most states.
An insurance appraiser is a professional appointed by either the policyholder or the carrier during the appraisal process to independently assess the value of a disputed insurance claim by comparing damage estimates and repair costs line by line.
A continuous piece of sheet metal installed at the base of a vertical surface where it meets the roof plane, such as at the front of a chimney or dormer. Directs water flowing down the vertical surface onto the shingles.
A binding or non-binding dispute resolution process where a neutral arbitrator hears both sides and makes a decision on the claim amount. Faster and less expensive than litigation.
A premium asphalt shingle with a dimensional, layered appearance that mimics wood shake or slate. Heavier and more durable than 3-tab shingles with a longer warranty.
The most common residential roofing material in the United States, made from fiberglass mat coated with asphalt and mineral granules. Available in 3-tab and architectural styles.
Assignment of Benefits (AOB) is a legal agreement in which the policyholder transfers their insurance claim rights to a third party - typically the contractor or restoration company - allowing that party to file claims, negotiate, and collect payment directly from the carrier.
A deduction from a contractor's or subcontractor's payment for work that was deficient, incomplete, or caused damage that another party had to correct. Common in multi-trade restoration projects where one trade's error affects another.
A bad faith claim is a legal action filed against an insurance carrier for unreasonably denying, delaying, or underpaying a valid insurance claim in violation of its contractual duty to act honestly toward the policyholder.
Betterment is a charge applied by the insurance carrier when repairs result in an upgrade over the property's pre-loss condition, such as code-required materials that did not exist on the original structure. Betterment is frequently disputed when the upgrade is mandated by current building code.
The amount deducted from an insurance claim payment when the repair or replacement results in a condition that is better than the pre-loss condition. The policyholder pays the difference between restoring to pre-loss condition and the actual upgrade.
Raised bubbles or pockets on the surface of asphalt shingles caused by trapped moisture or volatile gases in the shingle mat expanding under heat. Blisters can be mistaken for hail damage.
The process of securing a structure by covering broken windows, doors, or openings with plywood to prevent unauthorized entry and weather damage.
A static, non-mechanical exhaust vent installed through the roof deck near the ridge that allows hot air and moisture to escape the attic through convection. Also called a static vent, turtle vent, or louver vent.
A type of property insurance that covers buildings under construction. Protects against damage to the structure, materials, and equipment during the construction process.
Official authorization from the local government to perform construction work. Required for most structural repairs, re-roofs, and significant renovations.
Built-up roofing is a multi-layer flat roofing system constructed by alternating layers of bitumen (asphalt or coal tar) and reinforcing fabrics, topped with a gravel or mineral cap sheet surface.
A triangular piece of material placed at the junction of a flat roof and a vertical surface to create a gradual transition. Cant strips prevent membrane cracking at 90-degree angles.
A carrier is the insurance company that underwrites the homeowner's policy, collects premiums, evaluates claims, and issues payments. In the restoration industry, 'carrier' is the standard term for the insurer - whether State Farm, Allstate, USAA, Travelers, or any other property insurance company.
The amount of time an insurance carrier takes to respond to a claim filing, supplement request, or estimate submission. Response time requirements vary by state.
An independent adjuster deployed to disaster areas after major weather events to handle the surge in insurance claims. CAT adjusters work on contract for insurance carriers during catastrophic events.
A catastrophe team is a group of adjusters, typically independent adjusters, deployed by an insurance carrier to a disaster-affected area to process a high volume of claims resulting from a single weather event.
Categories in Xactimate are the organizational structure that groups line items by trade or work area - including roofing (RFG), exteriors (EXT), plumbing (PLM), electrical (ELC), painting (PNT), and interior (INT). Category assignment directly affects O&P calculations and XactAnalysis review outcomes.
Water that is grossly contaminated and can cause severe illness or death if ingested. Includes sewage backups, flooding from rivers or streams, and any standing water that has been stagnant long enough to support microbial growth.
The category selector in Xactimate is the interface used to find and add specific line items by navigating through trade categories, subcategories, and individual selector codes.
The specific event or peril that caused the damage in an insurance claim. Determining the cause of loss is critical because coverage depends on whether that peril is covered under the policy.
A document signed by the contractor and property owner confirming that all work specified in the contract has been completed satisfactorily.
A document issued by an insurance company proving that a contractor or business has active insurance coverage. Required by most property owners and general contractors before work begins.
A written agreement modifying the original scope of work, price, or timeline of a construction contract. Should be signed by both parties before additional work begins.
A metal cover installed over the top of a chimney to prevent rain, animals, and debris from entering. Also contains a spark arrestor in many designs.
Claim documentation is the complete package of photographs, measurements, written observations, material records, and correspondence that supports the scope and value of an insurance claim.
The claim lifecycle is the complete sequence of stages an insurance claim passes through from the initial loss event to final payment and closure, including reporting, inspection, estimating, supplementing, and payment.
A claim reserve is the dollar amount an insurance carrier sets aside for a specific claim based on their initial estimate of the total payout, used for internal financial planning and claims management.
Claim severity is the total dollar amount of an insurance claim, used by carriers to classify claims and determine the level of review, adjuster assignment, and processing priority.
An insurance company employee who reviews and evaluates property damage claims from the office. Claims examiners approve or deny claims, authorize payments, and oversee the work of field adjusters.
The claims process is the end-to-end sequence from damage event to final payment, consisting of: first notice of loss (FNOL), adjuster inspection, scope of loss, initial ACV payment, repair work, supplement filing, depreciation release, and final settlement. The average residential claim takes 30-90 days to settle.
Post-remediation testing to verify that mold levels have returned to acceptable levels. Typically involves air sampling and visual inspection by an independent assessor.
The requirement that all construction work meets current local, state, and national building codes. Insurance claims may include code upgrade costs when repairs must bring the structure up to current code.
A code upgrade is repair work required to bring damaged property up to current building codes (IRC, IBC, or local amendments), even if the pre-loss condition did not meet those codes. Code upgrades are covered under most insurance policies but are frequently disputed by carriers as betterment.
A supplement filed to cover the cost of bringing damaged areas up to current building code requirements that exceed what was originally installed. Code upgrades are covered under ordinance or law provisions.
A provision requiring the policyholder to insure the property to a certain percentage of its value (typically 80%). Failure to meet the requirement results in reduced claim payments.
Collateral damage in insurance claims refers to additional damage caused to undamaged components during the process of repairing or replacing the primary damaged items.
A legal principle that reduces a claim payment based on the policyholder's share of fault for the damage. If the homeowner's deferred maintenance contributed to the loss, the payout may be reduced.
A sealed work zone established during restoration or remediation to isolate contaminated or damaged areas from the rest of the structure. Uses polyethylene sheeting, tape, and negative air pressure to prevent cross-contamination.
The process of cleaning, deodorizing, and restoring personal property damaged by water, fire, or smoke. Includes soft goods, electronics, documents, and furniture.
The Xactimate category for personal property items - furniture, electronics, clothing, and other movable items damaged in a loss.
A payment arrangement where the professional (typically a public adjuster or attorney) receives a percentage of the insurance settlement as their fee rather than charging an hourly rate. The professional is paid only if the claim is successful.
A protective cap installed on top of a parapet wall to prevent water from entering the wall assembly. Coping is typically made from sheet metal, stone, or precast concrete.
Copper flashing is a premium sheet metal used at roof penetrations, transitions, and architectural details, valued for its extreme durability, natural patina development, and lifespan exceeding 70 years.
A core sample is a small cylindrical section cut through all layers of a flat or built-up roof system and examined to determine material types, number of layers, moisture content, and hidden damage conditions.
Cosmetic damage is visible damage to a roofing component that changes its appearance but does not impair its ability to shed water, resist wind, or protect the structure from the elements.
A policy endorsement that excludes coverage for damage that affects only the appearance of roofing materials without impairing their ability to shed water or protect the structure. Commonly applied to metal roofs and sometimes to asphalt shingles.
Metal flashing embedded into masonry or a wall surface that covers the top edge of step flashing. Prevents water from getting behind the step flashing.
A shingle with a visible fold line or crease caused by wind lifting the shingle and bending it backward, or by improper handling during installation. A creased shingle has compromised structural integrity even if it lays flat again.
A peaked structure built behind a chimney or other roof obstruction to divert water around it. Prevents water and debris buildup that can cause leaks.
A deductible is the fixed dollar amount or percentage the policyholder pays out of pocket before insurance coverage applies. The deductible is subtracted from the first ACV payment, not from the depreciation release.
Equipment used in structural drying to remove moisture from the air. Commercial dehumidifiers process significantly more water per day than residential units.
A denied claim is an insurance claim that the carrier has rejected entirely, refusing to issue any payment. A denial is not the final outcome - it is the starting point for appeals, supplements with stronger documentation, public adjuster involvement, or the appraisal process.
The process of eliminating odors from a structure after fire, smoke, water, or biological contamination using techniques including thermal fogging, hydroxyl generation, ozone treatment, and chemical counteractants.
Depreciation is the reduction in value of property due to age, wear, and condition. In insurance claims, depreciation is calculated per line item in Xactimate based on each component's specific age and expected useful life - not as a flat percentage across the entire claim.
The portion of the replacement cost that an insurance carrier withholds from the initial claim payment, representing the depreciation on damaged materials and labor. This amount is recoverable after repairs are completed.
A depreciation schedule is the table or formula an insurance carrier uses to calculate how much value each component of a property has lost due to age and wear, directly reducing the actual cash value payment on a claim.
A dehumidification method that removes moisture from air by passing it over a rotating wheel or bed of silica gel or other desiccant material. More effective than refrigerant dehumidifiers in cold or low-humidity environments.
A desk adjuster is an insurance claims professional who reviews, processes, and makes decisions on claims from an office without visiting the property in person.
A comprehensive collection of evidence supporting a supplement or claim, including photographs, measurements, estimates, code references, and manufacturer specifications.
A structural element that projects from a sloped roof, typically containing a window. Adds usable space and light but creates complex flashing details.
A structural extension that projects from a sloping roof, typically containing a window. Dormers add headroom, light, and ventilation to attic spaces.
A vertical pipe that carries water from the gutter to the ground or drainage system. Proper sizing and placement prevents overflow and foundation damage.
An L-shaped metal strip installed along the edges of a roof to direct water away from the fascia and into the gutter system. Required by most building codes.
The specific cross-sectional shape of drip edge metal, typically classified as Type C (L-shaped), Type D (T-shaped with a kick), or Type F (also called gutter apron). The profile determines how water is directed off the roof edge.
Dry-in is the roofing construction step between tear-off and final installation in which the exposed deck is protected with underlayment (synthetic felt or ice and water shield) to prevent water intrusion. Dry-in is a separate billable step with its own Xactimate line items.
The target moisture content for each material in a water damage restoration project. Set based on the material type and the equilibrium moisture content of unaffected areas.
The policyholder's obligation to assist the insurance company in investigating and settling a claim. Failure to cooperate can result in denial of the claim.
The policyholder's obligation to take reasonable steps to prevent further damage after a loss. This includes temporary repairs like tarping and water extraction.
Dwelling coverage (Coverage A) is the portion of a homeowner's insurance policy that covers damage to the physical structure of the home - including the roof, walls, foundation, and built-in appliances. Dwelling coverage has its own limit, separate from contents, other structures, and liability.
The lower edge of a roof that overhangs the exterior wall. Eaves direct water away from the siding and provide shade.
The installation of a temporary tarp over damaged roof areas to prevent water intrusion until permanent repairs can be made. Usually a separately billable line item in Xactimate.
A written amendment to an insurance policy that adds, removes, or modifies coverage. Also called a rider. Used to customize standard policies for specific needs.
Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) is a synthetic rubber single-ply membrane used on low-slope and flat roofs, recognized by its black surface and available in large seamless sheets.
The moisture level at which a building material is in balance with the surrounding environment. The target for structural drying.
A modification to an existing insurance estimate that changes quantities, adds line items, removes line items, or adjusts pricing. Revisions are part of the normal claims negotiation process.
A set of professional standards and techniques for writing accurate, complete, and defensible Xactimate estimates that maximize legitimate recovery while passing carrier review.
A professional who calculates the cost of a construction or restoration project by quantifying materials, labor, and overhead. In insurance restoration, estimators typically work in Xactimate.
A professional who calculates the cost of repairing or replacing damaged property using estimating software like Xactimate. Estimators work for contractors, supplement companies, and insurance carriers.
An ESX file is the native project file format for Xactimate, containing the complete estimate - including editable line items, pricing, sketch data, photos, and notes. ESX is the required format for submitting estimates through XactAnalysis to insurance carriers.
A formal, sworn statement requested by an insurance company during a claim investigation. Similar to a deposition, where the policyholder answers questions under oath about the claim.
A provision in an insurance policy that eliminates coverage for specific risks, hazards, or types of damage. Common exclusions include flood, earthquake, and normal wear and tear.
The horizontal board that runs along the lower edge of the roof, attached to the rafter tails. Supports the gutter system and provides a finished appearance.
Traditional asphalt-saturated paper used as roof underlayment. Available in 15-lb and 30-lb weights. Being replaced by synthetic underlayment in many markets.
A field adjuster is an insurance claims professional who physically inspects damaged properties, documents conditions on site, and writes or verifies the initial scope of loss estimate.
The last inspection by the building department or AHJ to verify that all permitted work meets code requirements. Required before closing out a building permit.
Fire damage is property damage caused by fire, including structural damage from flames, smoke damage throughout the property, and water damage from firefighting efforts. Fire claims are among the most complex and highest-value residential restoration claims, typically involving 8-10 trades.
The process of restoring a structure damaged by fire, including demolition of unsalvageable materials, cleaning of soot and smoke damage, deodorization, and reconstruction.
First Notice of Loss (FNOL) is the initial report a policyholder files with their insurance carrier after property damage occurs. FNOL triggers the claims process, assigns a claim number, and starts the clock on all claim-related deadlines including supplement filing windows and depreciation recovery periods.
First Notice of Loss (FNOL) is the initial report filed by a policyholder with their insurance carrier to notify them that a covered event has occurred and a claim is being made.
Sheet metal installed at roof transitions, penetrations, and intersections to direct water away from vulnerable areas. Common materials include aluminum, galvanized steel, and copper.
Flashing tape is a self-adhesive, waterproof membrane strip used to seal window and door rough openings, roof-to-wall transitions, and other joints where traditional metal flashing is impractical.
A fixed dollar amount deductible, such as $1,000 or $2,500, that applies regardless of the claim size or home value.
A licensed engineer who investigates the cause and origin of property damage, often retained by insurance carriers or policyholders to provide expert opinions on whether damage was caused by a covered peril.
Functional damage is storm or impact damage that impairs the ability of a roofing component to perform its intended purpose of shedding water and protecting the structure, as opposed to damage that only affects appearance.
The triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. Gable ends are common points of wind damage during storms.
A roof design with two sloping sides that meet at a central ridge, forming a triangular shape at each end. The most common residential roof style.
Galvanized steel flashing is zinc-coated sheet metal used to direct water away from critical roof intersections, penetrations, and transitions, offering corrosion resistance at a moderate cost.
A contractor who manages the overall construction project, coordinating subcontractors, materials, and schedules. The primary point of contact for the property owner.
Insurance that covers a contractor's legal liability for bodily injury or property damage caused to others during business operations.
The displacement of the protective mineral granules embedded in the surface of asphalt shingles. Granule loss can result from hail impact, foot traffic, manufacturing defect, or normal aging, and it exposes the underlying asphalt to UV degradation.
A channel attached along the eave of a roof that collects and redirects rainwater to downspouts. Prevents water from pooling at the foundation.
The complete assembly of gutters, downspouts, elbows, hangers, and end caps that collects rainwater from the roof edge and channels it away from the foundation. Typically aluminum, copper, or galvanized steel.
Hail damage is property damage caused by hailstones to roofing, siding, gutters, HVAC units, and other exposed surfaces. Hail is the number one driver of residential property insurance claims in the United States, with annual insured losses averaging $10-14 billion (Insurance Information Institute).
The external angle formed where two sloping roof planes meet along a line running from the ridge to the eave. Hip ridges require cap shingles and are measured separately from the main ridge in roofing estimates.
A roof design where all sides slope downward to the walls. More structurally stable than gable roofs and better at resisting wind uplift.
A contractual clause in which one party agrees not to hold the other party liable for certain risks, losses, or damages arising from the work or the contract. Common in construction and restoration contracts between property owners and contractors.
Holdback is the industry term for recoverable depreciation - the portion of the insurance claim that the carrier withholds until the policyholder completes repairs and submits proof of completion. Holdback, depreciation holdback, and recoverable depreciation are used interchangeably.
A device that produces hydroxyl radicals using UV light to neutralize odors, volatile organic compounds, and biological contaminants in the air. Safe to use in occupied spaces, unlike ozone generators.
A self-adhering, rubberized asphalt membrane applied to vulnerable areas of the roof deck before shingle installation, providing a waterproof seal around nail penetrations. Required by code in eave areas, valleys, and around penetrations in cold climates.
A self-adhesive waterproof membrane applied to the roof deck in vulnerable areas like valleys, eaves, and around penetrations. Required by code in cold climates.
Ice dam damage is structural and interior damage caused when ice accumulates at the roof edge, preventing snowmelt from draining and forcing water under the shingles and into the building structure. Ice dam claims are among the most frequently denied claim types in residential insurance.
The Institute of Inspection Cleaning and Restoration Certification. The organization that sets standards for the cleaning and restoration industry, including water damage (S500) and mold (S520).
The impact resistance rating classifies roofing materials by their ability to withstand hail impact, measured on a scale of Class 1 (lowest) to Class 4 (highest) using the UL 2218 steel ball drop test.
The legal obligation of an insurance company to compensate the policyholder for covered losses, restoring them to the financial position they held before the loss occurred.
The principle that insurance should restore the policyholder to the same financial position they were in before the loss, no better and no worse.
An independent adjuster (IA) is a claims adjuster who works on contract for the insurance carrier rather than as a direct employee. Independent adjusters are typically deployed during catastrophe events when the carrier's staff adjusters cannot handle the claim volume.
An independent adjuster (IA) is a licensed claims professional contracted by insurance carriers on a per-claim or per-event basis, most commonly deployed during catastrophe events when the carrier's staff cannot handle claim volume.
An infrared inspection uses a thermal imaging camera to detect temperature variations on roof surfaces, walls, and ceilings that indicate hidden moisture, insulation gaps, or air leaks invisible to the naked eye.
An inspection protocol is the standardized, step-by-step procedure followed during a property damage assessment to ensure thorough, consistent, and defensible documentation of all damage and conditions.
Labor cost is the workforce component of every Xactimate line item, calculated per unit (per square for roofing, per square foot for siding, per linear foot for gutters). Labor rates are based on Verisk's regional pricing databases, which are updated monthly.
A labor minimum in Xactimate is the smallest amount of labor time charged for a line item, ensuring that even small tasks reflect the realistic setup, travel, and execution time required.
A disagreement over the hourly or unit-based labor rates applied in an insurance estimate. Labor rate disputes often arise when Xactimate rates do not reflect actual local labor market conditions.
A document signed by a contractor waiving their right to file a mechanics lien against the property. Often required before or upon receiving payment.
Like kind and quality is the insurance standard requiring that replacement materials match the original materials in type, grade, and performance characteristics, though not necessarily the exact same brand or product.
A disagreement between the contractor and the insurance carrier over a specific line item in the estimate, including whether it belongs in the scope, the quantity, or the pricing.
Line items are individual entries in an Xactimate estimate, each representing a specific material, labor task, or service with a selector code, description, quantity, unit of measure, and price from the Verisk regional database. A typical residential roofing estimate contains 30-50 line items.
Line items are the individual entries in an Xactimate estimate, each representing a specific task, material, or service with its own unit price, quantity, and trade category classification.
Filing a lawsuit against an insurance company over a claim dispute. Typically a last resort after negotiation, appraisal, and mediation have failed.
The specific date when the insured property was damaged by the covered peril. Determines which policy terms apply, starts statute of limitations clocks, and establishes the timeline for reporting and filing requirements.
Loss of use (Coverage D) is the insurance coverage that pays for a policyholder's additional living expenses when their home is uninhabitable during covered repairs. Loss of use is a separate coverage from the property repair estimate, with its own limit typically set at 20-30% of dwelling coverage.
The section of a homeowner's insurance policy (Coverage D) that pays for additional expenses incurred when the home is uninhabitable due to a covered loss, including temporary housing, meals, and storage.
A roof with a slope of less than 3:12 (less than 3 inches of vertical rise per 12 inches of horizontal run). Low-slope roofs use membrane or built-up roofing systems rather than shingles.
A saved group of commonly used line items in Xactimate that can be inserted as a set. Speeds up estimate writing for repetitive scope items like a standard bathroom water loss.
Macros are pre-built sequences of line items in Xactimate that are inserted into an estimate with a single command. Macros reduce estimate creation time from approximately 3 hours to 45 minutes for a standard residential re-roof.
Macros in Xactimate are pre-built templates that automatically populate a group of related line items when applied to an estimate, saving time and reducing the chance of missing standard items.
A managed repair program is a carrier-administered network where the insurance company directs policyholders to pre-approved contractors who agree to work within the carrier's pricing, scope, and quality guidelines.
A policy provision or state regulation that requires the insurance carrier to pay for replacement of undamaged materials when the damaged materials cannot be reasonably matched in color, style, or appearance after a partial loss.
A matching requirement is the standard that repaired or replaced materials must reasonably match the existing undamaged materials on the property in color, profile, size, and appearance.
A material order is the process of ordering specific construction materials from a supplier based on the approved Xactimate estimate. Material order accuracy is critical for preventing job-site delays and ensuring materials match what the carrier approved and will pay for.
The use of a higher-grade or different material than what was originally installed, either because the original is discontinued or because building codes require a better product.
The percentage added to material quantities in an Xactimate estimate to account for cutting, fitting, breakage, and unusable remnants during installation.
Physical damage to roofing materials caused by human activity, equipment, or objects rather than weather events. Includes foot traffic scuffing, dropped tools, HVAC equipment installation, and antenna mounting.
A legal claim against a property filed by a contractor, subcontractor, or supplier who has not been paid for work performed or materials supplied.
A voluntary dispute resolution process where a neutral third party helps the policyholder and insurance company reach agreement on a claim. Non-binding unless both parties agree to the outcome.
The duty of the policyholder to take reasonable steps to prevent further damage after a loss. Failure to mitigate can result in reduced claim payments.
A trained professional who performs emergency services to prevent further damage after a loss event, including water extraction, board-up, tarp installation, and debris removal.
Modified bitumen is a flat roofing membrane made from asphalt reinforced with polyester or fiberglass and modified with polymers (APP or SBS) for improved flexibility, durability, and weather resistance.
The percentage of water present in a building material. Measured with a moisture meter to determine whether materials need to be dried or replaced.
The process of systematically measuring and documenting moisture levels throughout a structure to determine the full extent of water damage and establish drying goals.
A handheld device used to measure the moisture content of building materials. Pin-type meters measure resistance between two points; pinless meters use electromagnetic signals.
A moisture meter is a handheld instrument used to measure the moisture content of building materials like wood, drywall, and insulation, providing quantitative data to identify water intrusion and verify drying progress.
A professional inspection and testing process to determine the presence, type, and extent of mold contamination. Typically required before remediation begins and for clearance after.
Mold damage is property damage caused by mold growth, typically following water intrusion that was not properly mitigated within 24-48 hours. Mold coverage is heavily restricted or excluded in most insurance policies, with many carriers capping coverage at $5,000-$10,000 regardless of actual remediation costs.
The process of identifying, containing, removing, and preventing mold growth in a structure. Requires containment barriers, air filtration, and specialized cleaning procedures.
The specific placement and spacing of nails when installing roofing materials. Manufacturers specify nail patterns for warranty compliance, and high-wind zones require enhanced nailing.
A condition where a roofing nail backs out of the deck and pushes the shingle above it upward, creating a raised bump that can break the shingle seal and allow water infiltration.
An insurance policy that only covers losses from specific perils listed in the policy, such as fire, wind, or hail. If the cause of damage is not named, it is not covered.
A separate, higher deductible that applies specifically to damage caused by a named hurricane or tropical storm. Common in coastal states.
A ventilation condition where air pressure inside a contained work area is lower than the surrounding space, causing air to flow inward through any gaps rather than outward. Prevents contaminated air from escaping the work zone.
Non-recoverable depreciation is depreciation that cannot be claimed back under any circumstances. Non-recoverable depreciation applies under ACV-only policies (where the insurer pays only the depreciated value) or when the carrier determines a specific component has exceeded its useful life.
The formal notification to an insurance company that a loss has occurred and the policyholder intends to file a claim. Most policies require prompt notice.
Overhead and Profit (O&P) is a 20% markup (10% overhead + 10% profit) added to an insurance estimate when a general contractor manages multiple trades on a single claim. O&P is built into Xactimate as an industry-standard calculation and is supported by most state insurance departments.
A single event or continuous exposure to conditions that results in damage. Each occurrence triggers a separate deductible.
An insurance coverage, often added by endorsement, that pays the additional cost to bring a damaged building up to current building codes during repairs. Covers the gap between restoring to pre-loss condition and meeting current code requirements.
A type of roof decking made from compressed wood strands bonded with resin. Less expensive than plywood but more susceptible to moisture damage if exposed.
A disagreement between the contractor and insurance carrier over whether overhead and profit (O&P) should be included in the estimate. O&P is the general contractor's markup for managing the project.
Override pricing is the process of replacing an Xactimate default unit price with a custom price supported by documentation, typically when actual market costs exceed the regional price list.
A deodorization method that uses ozone generators to oxidize and eliminate smoke, fire, and mold odors. The area must be unoccupied during treatment.
The process of inventorying, boxing, and removing personal property from a damaged structure for off-site cleaning, storage, or disposal. Documented for the insurance claim.
A low wall extending above the roofline at the edge of a flat or low-slope roof. Parapets provide fall protection and a finished appearance to commercial buildings.
A self-adhering roofing membrane with a factory-applied adhesive backing that bonds to the roof deck without heat, nails, or separate adhesive, used for underlayment and waterproofing in critical areas.
A peer review in insurance is an evaluation of a claim estimate or scope by a second adjuster, engineer, or specialist to verify accuracy, typically ordered by the carrier when they question the original assessment.
A deductible calculated as a percentage of the home's insured value rather than a flat dollar amount. A 2% deductible on a $300,000 home means the homeowner pays the first $6,000.
A rubber or metal collar that seals around plumbing vent pipes where they penetrate the roof. One of the most common sources of roof leaks when the rubber cracks.
A prefabricated rubber or neoprene boot with a metal flange installed around plumbing vent pipes that penetrate the roof surface. Seals the gap between the pipe and the surrounding shingles to prevent water infiltration.
The steepness of a roof expressed as a ratio of vertical rise to horizontal run. A 6/12 pitch means the roof rises 6 inches for every 12 inches of horizontal distance.
A type of roof decking made from layered wood veneers glued together. Generally more moisture-resistant than OSB and preferred in humid climates.
A written amendment attached to an insurance policy that adds, removes, or modifies coverage, terms, or conditions. Endorsements override the base policy language for the specific provisions they address.
Policy limits are the maximum amounts an insurance policy will pay for a covered loss. Dwelling coverage, contents, other structures, and loss of use each have separate, independent limits listed on the declarations page.
The policyholder is the person or entity named on the insurance policy. In residential restoration, the policyholder is the homeowner and is the only party with legal standing to file, manage, or authorize actions on an insurance claim.
Water that remains standing on a roof surface for more than 48 hours after rainfall. Common on flat and low-slope commercial roofs, ponding accelerates membrane deterioration and adds structural load.
An electrically powered exhaust fan installed on the roof or gable wall that actively pulls hot air from the attic. Controlled by a thermostat or humidistat that activates the fan when attic conditions reach a set threshold.
Pre-existing damage is deterioration, deficiency, or impairment that was present on the property before the claimed loss event occurred, which the insurance carrier is not responsible for covering.
A preferred vendor program is a network of contractors that an insurance carrier recommends to policyholders, offering the contractors referral volume in exchange for meeting specific service and quality standards.
The amount paid by the policyholder to the insurance company for coverage. Can be paid monthly, quarterly, or annually. Based on risk factors including location, property value, and claims history.
A geographic area in Xactimate with its own set of labor and material prices based on local market conditions. Price lists are updated monthly by Verisk using actual contractor pricing data from each region.
Manually changing the default Xactimate price for a line item to reflect actual costs. Common when local material prices differ from the database or when using specialty materials.
A disagreement between the contractor and insurance carrier over the unit prices, labor rates, or material costs applied to line items in the estimate.
The regional database of material and labor costs that Xactimate uses to calculate estimate totals. Updated regularly by Verisk to reflect current market conditions in each geographic area.
Production orders are documents generated from an Xactimate estimate that list the specific materials, quantities, and labor tasks needed to complete a job. Production orders translate the insurance estimate into actionable work instructions for crews and suppliers.
A payment structure where the contractor invoices the property owner or insurance carrier at predetermined milestones during the project rather than requesting full payment at completion. Common on large restoration and reconstruction projects.
A partial payment made to a contractor as work is completed, rather than paying the full amount at the end. Common in larger restoration projects.
The person responsible for coordinating all aspects of a restoration project, from initial assessment through final completion, including managing subcontractors, scheduling, and communication with the carrier.
A proof of loss is a sworn, notarized statement the policyholder submits to the insurance carrier documenting the exact dollar amount of damage claimed. Missing the submission deadline - typically 60-90 days from the carrier's request, under most state regulations - can void the claim entirely.
A sworn, notarized document required by the insurance carrier in which the policyholder formally states the facts of the loss, the amount claimed, and the cause of damage. Failure to submit a timely proof of loss can result in claim denial.
Physical damage to tangible property caused by a covered peril. In liability insurance, refers to damage a contractor causes to someone else's property.
The primary or dominant cause of a loss. When multiple events contribute to damage, insurers look at the proximate cause to determine whether the loss is covered.
The science of measuring and analyzing the thermodynamic properties of air-water vapor mixtures. In restoration, psychrometric readings (temperature, humidity, dew point, grains per pound) guide drying strategy and equipment placement.
A public adjuster (PA) is a licensed professional who represents the policyholder exclusively in an insurance claim, working on contingency of 5-15% of the final settlement. A Florida study (OPPAGA/FAPIA) found that settlements average 19% higher with public adjuster involvement, even after the PA's fee.
A list of remaining items that need to be completed or corrected before a construction project is considered finished. Created during the final walkthrough.
The inclined edge of a roof that runs from the eave to the ridge along a gable end. The rake is finished with drip edge, fascia, or trim to protect the exposed edge of the roof deck.
Replacement Cost Value (RCV) is the cost to repair or replace damaged property with materials of like kind and quality at current prices, with no deduction for depreciation. RCV is the ceiling of the claim from which all other numbers - ACV, depreciation, and deductible - are calculated.
A re-inspection is a follow-up property inspection requested by either the carrier or the contractor after the initial scope of loss is challenged through a supplement. The carrier sends a re-inspector to verify the additional damage claims before approving payment.
A re-inspection is a follow-up property inspection requested by either the contractor, the homeowner, or the carrier to reassess damage, verify findings, or evaluate items disputed in the original scope.
The process of installing a new roof, either by overlaying new shingles on existing ones or by tearing off the old roof first. Most codes limit overlays to two layers.
Recoverable depreciation is the portion of the insurance claim that the carrier withholds until repairs are completed and documented. On a replacement cost policy, recoverable depreciation is released after the homeowner submits invoices and photos of completed work within the policy's recovery deadline.
A narrow groove or channel cut into masonry or concrete to receive the top edge of counter flashing or apron flashing. Creates a mechanical lock that secures the flashing without relying solely on sealant.
An insurance claim that was previously closed but is opened again because additional damage was discovered, a supplement was submitted, or the original payment was disputed.
A letter from an insurance company stating they will investigate and potentially pay a claim while reserving the right to deny coverage later based on their findings.
A formal letter from the insurance carrier notifying the policyholder that the carrier is investigating the claim but reserving the right to deny coverage based on specific policy provisions. Not a denial, but a warning.
A percentage of the contract amount (typically 5-10%) withheld by the property owner until the project is fully complete. Protects against incomplete work.
Specially shaped shingles installed along the peak (ridge) of a roof where two slopes meet. Provides waterproofing and a finished appearance at the highest point.
A ventilation product installed along the peak of a roof that allows hot air to escape from the attic. Works with soffit vents to create passive airflow.
Roof cement is a thick, asphalt-based sealant used to bond roofing materials, seal flashing, and make temporary or permanent repairs at joints, seams, and penetrations.
The structural sheathing (typically plywood or OSB) attached to the roof trusses or rafters that forms the base surface for the entire roofing system. All underlayment, flashing, and shingles are installed on top of the roof deck.
The structural base layer of a roof, typically plywood or OSB, attached to the rafters or trusses. Everything else - underlayment, shingles - sits on top of the decking.
Any object or structure that passes through the roof surface, including plumbing vents, HVAC curbs, exhaust fans, skylights, and satellite dish mounts. Each penetration requires proper flashing.
The steepness of a roof expressed as a ratio of vertical rise to horizontal run, written as X/12. A 6/12 pitch means the roof rises 6 inches for every 12 inches of horizontal distance.
A unit of measurement equal to 100 square feet of roof area. Roofing materials, labor, and insurance estimates are priced per square. A 2,000 square foot roof equals 20 squares.
A pre-engineered structural framework made of lumber and metal connector plates that supports the roof deck and transfers the roof load to the exterior walls. Trusses are manufactured off-site and installed as complete units.
The system of intake (soffit) and exhaust (ridge, turbine, or power vents) that moves air through the attic. Proper ventilation prevents moisture damage and extends roof life.
An independent roofing professional who provides expert opinions, inspections, and recommendations. Roofing consultants may work for building owners, contractors, or insurance carriers.
Roofing sealant is a flexible, weather-resistant compound applied to seams, joints, fasteners, and transitions to prevent water penetration, available in caulk, spray, and tape-applied formats.
A unit of measurement equal to 100 square feet of roof area. Roofing materials, labor, and pricing are typically quoted per square.
The IICRC standard for professional water damage restoration. Defines water damage categories (1-3), classes (1-4), and the procedures for drying and restoring structures.
The IICRC standard for professional mold remediation. Defines procedures for assessment, containment, removal, and clearance of mold-contaminated structures.
Damaged property that the insurance company takes ownership of after paying a total loss claim. The insurer may sell salvage to recover part of the claim payment.
A roof measurement method that uses high-resolution aerial or satellite imagery combined with software algorithms to calculate roof area, slope, penetrations, and edge lengths without requiring physical access to the roof.
The scope of work is the specific set of repairs to be performed on a project as defined by the estimate. The scope of work overlaps with the scope of loss but serves a different purpose: the scope of loss is the adjuster's damage assessment, while the scope of work is what the contractor actually builds from.
A written document signed by the contractor, homeowner, and sometimes the insurance carrier that confirms the agreed-upon scope of work, materials, and pricing before restoration work begins. Prevents disputes about what was included in the project.
The gradual expansion of work beyond the original agreement without corresponding adjustments to price or timeline. Common in insurance restoration when hidden damage is discovered.
The documented extent and type of damage to a property, including affected areas, materials, and quantities. The scope of damage forms the basis of the insurance estimate.
A scope of loss is the adjuster's written, line-by-line inventory of all damage at a property and the estimated cost to repair it. Created in Xactimate, the scope of loss determines the initial claim payment and serves as the baseline for any supplements.
A scope sheet is the document or form used during a property inspection to record all observed damage, measurements, materials, and conditions before writing the formal Xactimate estimate.
An opening in a parapet wall or roof edge that allows water to drain from a flat roof surface into a downspout or directly away from the building.
The alphanumeric code that identifies a specific line item in Xactimate. Each code corresponds to a particular material, labor task, or combination.
Siding damage is damage to exterior siding materials (vinyl, fiber cement, LP SmartSide, wood, or aluminum) caused by wind, hail, impact, or moisture intrusion. Siding damage is among the most commonly missed items on residential insurance claims because adjusters typically focus on the roof.
Sketch is Xactimate's built-in diagramming tool for creating floor plans, roof layouts, and property measurements. Sketch data drives all quantity calculations for line items in the estimate - a 2-square error in a roof sketch can swing the estimate by $600-$1,200.
The Sketch tool in Xactimate is the built-in diagramming feature used to draw the roof, floor plan, or exterior of a property to generate accurate measurements for the estimate.
A window installed in the roof surface to provide natural light. A common source of leaks when flashing deteriorates or installation is improper.
The angle of a roof surface, often used interchangeably with pitch. Steeper slopes shed water faster but are more difficult and expensive to work on.
Damage caused by smoke particles depositing on surfaces, including discoloration, odor, and corrosion. Can affect areas far from the actual fire.
A device installed on a roof surface to prevent large sheets of snow and ice from sliding off the roof in an uncontrolled manner. Snow guards are most common on metal and slate roofs.
The material covering the underside of the roof overhang (eave). Often vented to allow airflow into the attic for proper ventilation.
Perforated or slotted openings installed in the soffit panels beneath the roof overhang that allow fresh outside air to enter the attic space as part of the roof ventilation system.
Soft metal damage refers to dents, dings, and deformations caused by hail or debris impact on ductile metal components like aluminum gutters, vents, and flashing that deform without cracking.
Fine black particles produced by incomplete combustion of organic materials. Acidic and corrosive, soot must be cleaned quickly to prevent permanent damage to surfaces.
A staff adjuster is a claims adjuster employed full-time by the insurance carrier who handles day-to-day claims in a defined geographic territory. Staff adjusters know local building codes and pricing, and their scopes tend to be more thorough than independent adjusters' work.
A staff adjuster is a full-time employee of an insurance carrier who handles claims year-round in an assigned territory, bringing deep knowledge of carrier-specific guidelines and local market conditions.
A metal roofing system with raised interlocking seams that run vertically from the ridge to the eave, providing superior weather resistance and a lifespan of 40 to 70 years.
A row of shingles or specialized starter material installed along the eaves and rakes before the first course of shingles. Provides adhesive bonding and water protection.
A pre-cut or trimmed shingle strip installed along the eaves and rakes before the first course of shingles. Provides a continuous adhesive seal line and covers the gaps between the first course tab cutouts.
The legal deadline for filing a lawsuit or taking legal action on an insurance claim. Varies by state and by type of claim. Missing this deadline forfeits the right to sue.
A roof with a slope of 3:12 or greater. Most residential roofs are steep-slope and use shingles, tiles, or metal panels as the primary waterproofing layer.
L-shaped pieces of metal installed where a roof meets a vertical wall, such as a chimney or dormer. Each piece overlaps the one below to channel water down the roof.
The practice of roofing contractors traveling to areas hit by severe weather to solicit homeowners for insurance restoration work. A controversial industry practice that ranges from legitimate storm response to predatory door-knocking.
Storm damage is a general category covering any property damage caused by severe weather - wind, hail, rain, tornado, or a combination. Storm damage claims typically involve multiple damage types on a single property and multiple trades, making them the strongest case for overhead and profit.
The controlled process of removing moisture from building materials using dehumidifiers, air movers, and monitoring equipment until materials reach their dry standard.
A contractor hired by the general contractor to perform a specific trade or portion of the work, such as plumbing, electrical, or HVAC.
Subrogation is the legal process by which an insurance carrier pays the policyholder's claim and then pursues recovery from the third party responsible for causing the damage - such as a neighbor's insurer after their tree falls on the policyholder's roof.
A contractual provision in which one party waives the right to pursue subrogation claims against another party. Common in construction contracts to prevent the property owner's insurer from suing the contractor after paying a claim.
A supplement is a formal request to increase the payout on an existing insurance claim when the original scope of loss misses damage, underestimates quantities, or excludes code-required work. Supplements average a 34.4% increase in RCV on residential claims (The Supplement Experts).
Confirmation from an insurance carrier that additional line items or amounts submitted in a supplement request have been accepted and will be paid.
A carrier's rejection of some or all line items in a supplement request. Denials must include a reason and can be appealed with additional documentation.
A formal submission to an insurance carrier requesting additional payment for damage or repairs not included in the original estimate. Supplements are supported by photos, measurements, and documentation.
A three-party agreement guaranteeing that a contractor will fulfill their obligations. If the contractor fails, the surety company compensates the property owner.
Synthetic felt is a lightweight, water-resistant roofing underlayment made from woven or spun polypropylene, serving as a secondary moisture barrier between the roof deck and the shingles.
A woven or non-woven polypropylene roof underlayment that is lighter, stronger, and more slip-resistant than traditional felt paper. Increasingly required by shingle manufacturers.
Tear-off is the complete removal of existing roofing materials down to the bare wood deck before installing new materials. Tear-off includes removal labor and disposal costs (dump fees, dumpster rental), and is one of the highest-cost line items on any re-roof estimate.
Emergency work done to prevent further damage before permanent repairs begin. Includes tarping, board-up, water extraction, and emergency power. Typically covered separately from permanent repairs.
A test square is a measured area on a roof, typically 10 feet by 10 feet (100 square feet), used by adjusters and inspectors to count and document hail hits, wind damage, or other storm impacts per unit area.
The use of infrared cameras to detect temperature differences in building materials, which can indicate hidden moisture. A non-invasive method for identifying water damage behind walls and ceilings.
An inspection technique using infrared (thermal) cameras to detect temperature differences in building surfaces that indicate hidden moisture, insulation gaps, air leaks, or structural anomalies invisible to the naked eye.
Damage to roofing materials caused by rapid, extreme temperature changes that cause sudden expansion or contraction. Most common on flat roofs with dark membranes exposed to direct sunlight followed by sudden rain or nighttime cooling.
A third-party administrator is an outside company hired by an insurance carrier to manage specific functions of the claims process, including contractor networks, estimate review, and payment processing.
The three-trade rule is the industry standard stating that when three or more distinct trades are required on a single insurance claim, the 20% overhead and profit markup (10% overhead + 10% profit) should be included in the Xactimate estimate. The three-trade rule is supported by Xactimate's own documentation and most state insurance departments.
A total loss determination occurs when an insurance carrier concludes that the cost to repair the damaged property equals or exceeds its insured value, resulting in a payout of the policy limits rather than repair costs.
Thermoplastic Polyolefin (TPO) is a single-ply membrane roofing material used primarily on low-slope and flat commercial and residential roofs, known for its heat-welded seams and energy-efficient white reflective surface.
The three-letter code at the beginning of each Xactimate category that identifies the trade. RFG for roofing, PLM for plumbing, ELT for electrical, PNT for painting, etc.
Trade groups are the classification system in Xactimate that organizes work by the type of trade performing it (roofing, siding, plumbing, electrical, painting, etc.). The number of trade groups assigned to an estimate directly determines O&P eligibility via the three-trade rule.
A wind-powered rotary exhaust vent installed on the roof that uses wind energy to spin internal vanes, actively pulling hot air and moisture from the attic. Also called a whirlybird vent.
A supplemental liability insurance policy that provides additional coverage above the limits of the underlying homeowner's, auto, or business liability policies. Does not cover property damage to the policyholder's own home.
An umpire is a neutral third party appointed during the insurance appraisal process when the policyholder's appraiser and the carrier's appraiser cannot agree on the value of a loss. The umpire's decision, combined with agreement from either appraiser, becomes a binding award.
A neutral third party selected by the two opposing appraisers during the insurance appraisal process to break a deadlock on claim valuation. The umpire's agreement with either appraiser creates a binding award.
A protective layer installed between the roof deck and shingles that provides a secondary barrier against water infiltration. Available in felt and synthetic options.
Underpayment is when the insurance carrier pays a claim but the amount is insufficient to cover the actual cost of repairs. Underpayment is the default outcome on residential property claims - with the average initial scope written at 50-65% of actual repair costs, 35-50% of claim value requires recovery through supplements.
The cost per unit of measurement for a line item in Xactimate. Units vary by item type - square feet, linear feet, each, etc.
The cost per unit of measurement for a specific line item in Xactimate, broken into labor and material components, and derived from the regional price list.
The internal angle formed where two roof slopes meet. Valleys channel water runoff and are a common point of leaks if not properly flashed.
Pre-formed or custom-bent sheet metal installed in the crease where two roof slopes meet, channeling water down the valley and off the roof. Valleys are high-volume water paths and a leading source of leaks when flashing fails.
A state law requiring insurance companies to pay the full policy face value for a total loss, regardless of the actual value of the property at the time of the loss. Currently enacted in approximately 20 states.
A moisture-resistant material (typically polyethylene sheeting or specialized membrane) installed on the warm side of insulation in walls, ceilings, and floors to prevent water vapor from migrating into the building assembly and condensing.
An endorsement that prevents an insurance company from seeking reimbursement from a third party after paying a claim. Often required in construction contracts.
Waste factor is the percentage of additional material ordered beyond exact measurements to account for cuts, breakage, defects, and roof geometry. The industry standard waste factor for simple gable roofs is 10-15%, but complex hip-and-valley roofs require 18-22% waste.
Water damage is property damage caused by water intrusion, plumbing failures, appliance leaks, or flooding. Water damage claims are fundamentally different from weather damage claims because they require emergency mitigation (extraction, structural drying per IICRC S500 standards) before permanent repairs can begin.
The process of removing standing water from a structure using pumps, wet vacuums, and extractors. The first step in water damage restoration after the source has been stopped.
The Xactimate category containing line items for water damage response - extraction, drying equipment, monitoring, antimicrobial treatment, and related services.
The visible signs of gradual material deterioration on a roof surface from aging, UV exposure, and weather cycling. Wear patterns include uniform granule erosion, curling edges, and color fading that distinguish normal aging from sudden storm damage.
Weathering is the gradual deterioration of roofing materials from normal environmental exposure over time, while damage is a sudden loss of function caused by a specific event like a storm.
Wind damage is property damage caused by high winds to roofing, siding, fences, and other exterior components. Wind damage claims require documentation of both the wind event itself (NOAA storm reports, weather data) and physical evidence of wind-related failure patterns such as creased shingles, missing tabs, and lifted flashing.
The wind speed rating is the maximum wind speed a roofing product is tested and certified to withstand when installed according to manufacturer specifications, measured in miles per hour.
The upward suction force created when wind flows over a roof surface, which can lift, curl, or tear shingles from the deck. Wind uplift is strongest at roof edges, corners, and ridge lines.
A separate deductible that applies specifically to wind or hail damage claims. Often higher than the standard deductible, sometimes expressed as a percentage of the home's insured value.
Insurance that covers medical expenses and lost wages for employees injured on the job. Required by law in most states for contractors with employees.
XactAnalysis is Verisk's cloud-based claims management platform where insurance carriers receive, review, approve, or dispute estimates and supplements submitted through Xactimate via XactNet. XactAnalysis is the review end of the Xactimate ecosystem.
XactAnalysis is Verisk's cloud-based platform that allows insurance carriers, contractors, and third-party administrators to manage, review, and audit Xactimate estimates throughout the claims lifecycle.
Xactimate is the estimating software developed by Verisk that is used to process claims at the vast majority of top US property insurance carriers. Xactimate is the industry standard for writing estimates, submitting supplements, and negotiating claim values in insurance restoration.
XactNet is Xactimate's cloud-based delivery network for transmitting estimates, supplements, and supporting documentation between parties. XactNet is the pipeline that moves estimates from Xactimate to the carrier's XactAnalysis review platform.
XactNet is Verisk's electronic network that transmits Xactimate estimates, assignments, and claim data between contractors, adjusters, and insurance carriers in real time.
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